The first signs of pregnancy can often occur even before the absence of the menstrual period. This time, commonly referred to as the "waiting period" in many fertility forums, is typically characterized by a mix of excitement, uncertainty, and nervousness. Often, individuals are unsure whether the initial signs can truly be attributed to pregnancy.
Early signs indicating the onset of pregnancy include the following:
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Implantation bleeding or implantation pain: Around five to ten days after fertilization, the embryo begins to attach to the uterine lining. This may be noticeable as a slight pulling sensation. The pain is often compared to typical menstrual cramps, but only a few women actively perceive it. At this point, there may also be a light, pale bleeding known as implantation bleeding.
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Nausea and morning sickness: The most well-known sign of pregnancy is the widely recognized morning sickness. It usually intensifies between the 6th and 12th weeks of pregnancy. Nausea is not limited to the morning and can persist throughout the day. Various metabolic and hormonal changes can cause a queasy feeling in the stomach, and for some women, even vomiting.
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Fatigue and exhaustion: The increase in the hormone progesterone results in women being much more tired in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, experiencing a general state of exhaustion. The body is undergoing a significant effort, building the placenta.
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Increased discharge: Hormonal changes during pregnancy, along with the development of the uterine lining and the remodeling process of the uterus, can lead to increased vaginal discharge. This discharge is usually white, odorless, and not associated with discomfort.
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Changes in the breasts: Hormonal adjustments can lead to increased sensitivity of the breasts. Women often report swelling, pulling, or a feeling of tension in the breasts. The areola may also appear darker than usual.
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Altered taste and smell: Familiar smells can suddenly become intolerable. In early pregnancy, women are often particularly sensitive to odors. Some report a metallic taste in the mouth.
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Cravings and altered eating habits: Cravings and unusual food desires, such as chocolate and pickles, are also common signs of pregnancy.
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Frequent urination: Even in early pregnancy, women may experience increased urinary frequency. The hormone progesterone, released more during pregnancy, has a relaxing effect on the bladder muscles. Increased blood flow to the kidneys also stimulates urine production.
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Elevated basal temperature: Normally, body temperature remains constant between 36.5 and 37 degrees Celsius. After ovulation, it increases by around 0.5 degrees Celsius and stays at this elevated level in a viable pregnancy.
It is important to emphasize that these signs are not the same for every woman. Some women experience some of the signs, while others may not notice any. Often, these signs are also confused with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms. The most reliable sign of pregnancy is a positive pregnancy test and the absence of the menstrual period.
